Comments of Ibn Hatil’s on Ibn Babshadh’s Umdat Dhawil al-Himmam on Accountability in the Sciences of the Tongue and the Pen in the Grammatical Conditions in Some Grammatical Issues

Abstract

This research seeks to shed light on the critiques of Ibn Hatil al-Yamani on Ibn Babshadh regarding the conditions mentioned in his book 'Umda Dhuwi al-Himam 'ala al-Muhasaba fi 'Ilmay al-Lisan wa al-Qalam. It aims to study these critiques and determine the most accurate opinions in them. This research gains importance due to its focus on a scientific legacy of one of the prominent Yemeni grammarians who have not received adequate scholarly attention, leaving their heritage obscure and in need of care and investigation. The research addresses the issues of Ibn Hatil's critiques of Ibn Babshadh concerning grammatical conditions. The research is structured into an introduction, which provides an overview of the study and defines the concept of "condition" (al-shart) both linguistically and terminologically, followed by three sections. The first section discusses critiques related to objects (maf‘ulat), covering two issues: the critique regarding the object of place and time (al-maf‘ul fih) and the critique regarding the object of purpose (al-maf‘ul lahu). The second section examines critiques related to the circumstantial qualifier (al-hal), addressing two issues: the condition that the circumstantial qualifier must be derived (mushtaqq) and the condition that it must be transitional (muntaqil). The third section explores critiques related to the explicative (al-tamyiz), covering three issues: the condition that the explicative must be singular (mufrad), the condition that it must be estimable with "min," and the condition that it must explain a number or quantity. The research concludes with a summary of the most important findings. Among the key findings of the research is the demonstration of the stature of Ibn Hatil al-Yamani, who contributed significantly to the scientific movement. It also highlights the value of his commentary on Ibn Babshadh's introduction, which is one of the Yemeni commentaries. The research reveals Ibn Hatil's meticulous follow-up on Ibn Babshadh, his interest in expressing his opinions, and his clarification of his stance on the grammatical issues presented in the introduction.